With Barcelona’s dynamic landscape, Mobile World Congress (MWC) Barcelona 2025 showcased many innovative ideas and technologies under the theme “Converge. Connect. Create”. Key topics such as AI, fintech, mobility, cybersecurity, and customer experience (CX) took centre stage, driving discussions on industry consolidation, infrastructure sharing, and the transformation of telecom networks into programmable platforms. Here are some key takeaways from MWC 2025:
1. AI was the Dominant Theme
AI continues to dominate conversations. One key development in this space is the rise of Agentic AI(i), which is now being utilised extensively, especially in customer service and network optimisation.
Another emerging concept making waves is AI RANI(ii), which combines AI with Radio Access Networks (RAN) on GPU(iii) -based platforms. This shift allows base stations to operate as compute nodes, pushing computing power closer to the edge and reducing reliance on traditional data centres.
Additionally, there’s been a lot of buzz around 5G private networks, edge computing, and the vast opportunities presented by IoT (Internet of Things). These technologies are offering businesses more agility, efficiency, and innovative solutions.
2. Industry Consolidation and Infrastructure Sharing
There was a strong push for collaboration among telecom operators, particularly in sharing infrastructure like spectrum and towers. With increasing demand for connectivity, consolidation through mergers and acquisitions (M&A) is emerging as a viable strategy for MNOs (Mobile Network Operators) to enhance network efficiency and coverage.
3. Open Gateway and Network APIs: New Monetisation Avenues
Telecom operators are transforming their networks into programmable platforms through standardised APIs. Key developments include:
- Concept of Programmable Networks – Telecom networks are evolving into programmable platforms through standardised APIs, unlocking new revenue streams.
- MEF’s Network as a Service (NaaS) APIs(iv), – Colt & Orange showcased AI-driven Quality on Demand for real-time network adjustments, optimising service quality dynamically.
- Open Gateway Lab Initiative – MasOrange, Telefónica, and Vodafone launched a multi-telco lab to develop standardised APIs for seamless integration.
- Telefónica & TikTok Partnership – Introduced APIs for seamless authentication and age verification, enhancing digital security and compliance.
- Carrier Billing Expansion – AI & 5G APIs are driving mobile payments and securing global transactions, positioning telecom operators as key players in fintech.
4. Telecom and Satellite: A Win-Win Collaboration
The integration of satellite connectivity with 5G is becoming mainstream, ensuring coverage in remote areas without additional hardware. Companies like Vodafone and AST SpaceMobile are leading efforts to bring direct-to-device satellite connectivity to Europe, further expanding global coverage.
Additionally, Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs), particularly satellite-based networks, are gaining momentum as a game-changing solution for connectivity.
Skylo is leading the way with one of the largest satellite-based networks, spanning 35 countries. They’re driving innovation with a range of IoT products launched on their platform, such as cow temperature monitors and bed trackers.
SpaceX has positioned itself as a leader in satellite-based connectivity, with a unique selling proposition focused on speed to access. In disaster scenarios like natural disasters or conflicts (e.g., Ukraine), SpaceX could provide critical communications quickly. Even in remote regions, such as New Zealand, where 60% of the country was previously hard to connect, SpaceX has delivered fast connectivity solutions.
SpaceX’s business model is built on B2B2C partnerships, allowing terrestrial networks to plug into their system for seamless connectivity. For example, T-Mobile in the USA offers a service where customers don’t even realise they are using SpaceX’s satellite network.
5. Fintech, Mobility, Cybersecurity, and CX Take Center Stage
From financial services to mobility and cybersecurity, AI-driven advancements accelerate innovation and redefine customer experiences.
- AI in Financial Services – AI-driven financial solutions and blockchain innovations are enhancing payment security and efficiency.
- AI & Mobility – AI-powered connectivity, 6G evolution, and satellite-integrated networks are advancing mobility.
- Cybersecurity & PQC – The rise of post-quantum cryptography (PQC)(v) and AI-driven defence mechanisms is strengthening cyber resilience for telecom operators.
- AI in Customer Service – AI agents are transforming customer interactions, delivering more personalised and efficient support.
Next-Frontier Investments & Partnerships
From fostering talent and innovation within organisations to navigating the complex landscape of corporate investments, regulation, and telecom advancements, below topics were also central to the innovation and investment discussions at MWC 2025.
1. Talent and Innovation
- Engaging employees in identifying innovation needs helps bridge gaps between business requirements and strategic plans.
- Innovation training boosts employee retention and engagement, ensuring organisations remain competitive.
- Incentives for co-workers encourage creative problem-solving and a culture of innovation.
- The shift in technical resources now includes soft skills and consulting capabilities to propose and implement solutions.
- Inspired by Google’s 80/20 rule, companies allocate time for employees to focus on innovation-driven projects.
2. Corporate Investments & Venture Capital (VCs)
- Investment decisions require a collective effort involving clients, academia, regulators, and SMEs.
- Stakeholder trust is essential, aligning corporate and startup mindsets.
- Innovation canvassing, including sales and technology roadmaps, must consider short-, mid-, and long-term investment horizons.
- AI startups must clarify their positioning, as defining an “AI company” remains crucial for investors.
- VCs evaluate data hygiene and scalable UI/UX when assessing startups for funding.
3. Regulation and Governance
AI entrepreneurs face both a challenge and an opportunity in influencing the evolution of EU regulations. The regulatory landscape is shaped by two types of frameworks: Regulation Type 1 – the inevitable, such as GDPR, which sets fixed policies; and Regulation Type 2 – flexible AI governance measures, designed to adapt to the fast-evolving AI landscape. This dual framework presents a unique chance for AI entrepreneurs to shape the future of governance in this space.
4. Infrastructure investments in Telecoms
India has seen remarkable growth in telecom subscriptions over the past decade. Ten years ago, the country had 900 million telecom subscribers; today, that number has surged to 1.2 billion. Similarly, internet users have grown from 250 million to 1 billion.
5G Developments in India: India is making massive strides in 5G, with a USD 16 billion investment aimed at covering 90% of the country with 8,000 towers. This investment will ensure connectivity even in the most remote areas. The cost of 1GB of data is just USD 0.11, making it one of the most affordable telecom markets globally.
India’s 5G strategy focuses on:
- Spectrum management: Effective management of available spectrum for enhanced telecom services.
- Competitive market: India’s telecom market is home to four major players.
- New telecommunications act: A regulatory framework that addresses data privacy and consumer protection.
- Customer protection: Measures have been implemented to safeguard consumers, such as blocking 26 million illegal connections and tracing 16 million devices.
India is following global trends in the fast rollout of 5G but aims to lead the world in 6G technology. The country is transitioning from a service-based economy to a hub for product innovation, investing in test labs and collaborating with academia to accelerate development.
The EU’s Telecom Investment Strategy focused on three pillars:
1. Digital Infrastructure
The EU is focused on unlocking innovation through spectrum enablement and cutting-edge infrastructure. By 2030, the EU plans to deploy full Fiber and 5G infrastructure with an investment of 200 billion EUR. This includes allocating 21 gigahertz of spectrum for 5G and planning for 6G. Additionally, the EU is investing 20 billion EUR in an AI gigafactory with partners.
2. Regulation Simplification
To streamline the telecom sector, the EU is prioritising regulatory simplification. The Digital Fitness Check initiative aims to eliminate bureaucratic barriers in telecom and SMEs, fostering a more efficient regulatory environment.
3. Security and Resilience
The EU is also focusing on data union strategies to strengthen the security and resilience of digital infrastructure, ensuring better data protection and building trust with businesses and users.
USA’s Telecom Approach: Spectrum, Security, and Regulation
1. Spectrum & Security
Security remains a top priority in the US, particularly regarding the use of trustworthy telecom vendors. The issue with Huawei and ZTE is highlighted, as both companies are heavily subsidised and linked to the Chinese government.
2. Regulatory Simplicity
The US has been proactive in simplifying telecom regulations, which has led to the Sprint-T-Mobile merger (3rd and 4th largest telecom operators). Deregulation efforts also support network slicing, which is essential for modern telecom infrastructure.
The US is also working on issues around free speech and censorship, particularly about the EU’s Digital Services Act (DSA), which could potentially hinder a level playing field for Big Tech. The US is engaging with EU regulators to ensure fair conditions for new networks.
The US is leading the rollout of NTN services, with regulators worldwide keen on enabling rapid deployment. However, regulations are country-dependent, and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) needs to keep pace with the evolving landscape.
4. Climate and Energy
AI plays a pivotal role in optimising energy consumption. At both the chip and system levels, AI enebles more efficient use of power across industries. Additionally, AI’s ability to forecast solar power generation has a direct impact on energy markets, helping set intraday trading prices and ensuring better grid management.
Venture Capital Focus Areas
VCs are actively investing in several key areas to drive sustainable innovation:
- Energy storage: Enhancing capacity to store renewable energy.
- Flexible grids and pricing: Adapting energy distribution models to be more responsive.
- Regenerative agriculture: Encouraging sustainable farming practices to combat climate change.
- Mobility: Supporting the development of green transportation solutions.
The EU’s regulatory efforts are also driving change, particularly with non-financial accounting requirements, which are pushing companies to adopt more sustainable business practices.
Notable Startups Leading the Charge: Several startups are emerging as leaders in the climate and energy space, offering innovative solutions:
Jolt Solutions: Focuses on hydrogen solutions, helping industries diversify their energy sources.
Plan A: Provides carbon accounting tools, with use cases in fleet management and supply chain sustainability.
GoParity: A platform for green finance, enabling community-driven impact investments in sustainable projects.
5. Other Companies’ Use Cases in Sustainability
Several companies are applying AI and digital transformation to improve sustainability within their operations.
Dialog Axiata: Implements AI-driven solutions for enterprise tender identification, virtual NOCs, power leakage detection, and personalized customer value management (CVM). Their success hinges on data governance, talent, and a strong digital transformation strategy.
Shakers: A talent marketplace focused on scoping and value setting for businesses looking to enhance their innovation efforts.
Conclusion
MWC Barcelona 2025 highlighted the convergence of technology, innovation, and sustainability. The event showcased how AI and tech solutions are driving progress in both the climate and energy sectors. The insights gained from MWC 2025 offer a roadmap for future investments, partnerships, and advancements in both telecom and environmental sustainability.
Authors:
Hiroto Mason, Head of DX Strategy & Consulting
Sudip Bain, Lead DX Consultant
(i) Agentic AI: A type of AI that goes beyond simply processing data and providing outputs. Instead, Agentic AI systems are designed to be more autonomous, proactive, and goal-oriented.
(ii) AI RANI represents a specific integration of Artificial Intelligence with Radio Access Networks (RAN).
(iii) GPU-based platforms: refer to computing systems that utilise Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) as a primary component for processing data and executing computations.
The combination of AI RANI on GPU-based platforms allows mobile networks to become more intelligent and efficient by distributing computing power closer to the users and devices, potentially leading to faster response times, better resource management, and new types of services.
(iv) API: Application Programming Interface.Set of rules, protocols, and tools that allows different software applications to communicate with each other.
(v)Post-quantum cryptography (PQC): Cryptographic algorithms that are designed to be secure against attacks by both classical and quantum computers.
